Current body armor relies on a stiff and relatively heavy layer of ceramic material to absorb ballistic impact. This makes body armor heavy and unwieldy. The Daresbury team, together with researchers from Tuskegee and Florida Atlantic universities in the US, are evaluating new nanocomposite materials which can be woven into fabrics to provide greater flexibility as well as better ballistic protection. They have found that incorporating spherical nanoparticles of silicon or titanium dioxide or carbon nanotubes in a plastic or epoxy matrix offers improved ballistic resistance together with greatly improved flexibility.

Dr Vin Dhanak said, "We're using the synchrotron light source, or SRS, and the photoelectron spectrometer at the National Centre for electron spectroscopy and surface analysis, both based at Daresbury. These world-leading instruments let us analyze how the nanoparticles bond with the matrix materials in which they're embedded. This will help improve the manufacturing process to eliminate impurities and make the materials stronger."